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	<title>剪草 &#8211; 蘭亭花集</title>
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		<title>中藥材剪草</title>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 10 Nov 2018 13:06:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[金粟蘭]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[倒卵形]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[剪草]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[天目山藥用植物志]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[本草圖經]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[本草拾遺]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[橢圓形]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[穗狀花序]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[薄壁細胞]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[出處唐《本草拾遺》始載有&#38;quot;剪草&#38;quot;，云：&#38;quot;生山澤間，葉如茗而細。所繪植物為草本，根生多數細長鬚根，莖叢生，不分枝，具明顯的節，葉生於莖頂，輪生狀，花序穗狀，可見伸長的線狀物，應是金粟蘭科絲穗金粟蘭。]]></description>
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<h1>剪草</h1>
<p class=" "><span class=" ">拼音</span>Jiǎn Cǎo</p>
<p class=" "><span class=" ">別名</span>翦草、四塊瓦、土細辛、四葉對、銀線草、四對草。</p>
<p class=" "><span class=" ">出處</span>唐《本草拾遺》始載有&#8221;剪草&#8221;，云：&#8221;生山澤間，葉如茗而細。江東用之。&#8221;宋《本草圖經》謂：&#8221;生潤州（今江蘇鎮江）&#8221;並附有&#8221;潤州剪草&#8221;圖，所繪植物為草本，根生多數細長鬚根，莖叢生，不分枝，具明顯的節，葉生於莖頂，輪生狀，花序穗狀，可見伸長的線狀物，應是金粟蘭科絲穗金粟蘭。</p>
<p class=" "><span class=" ">來源</span>藥材基源：為金粟蘭科植物絲穗金粟蘭的全草或根。</p>
<p>拉丁植物動物礦物名：Chloranthusfortunei（A.Gray）SolmsLamb.</p>
<p>採收和儲藏：夏季採集，除去雜質，洗凈，曬干。</p>
<p class=" "><span class=" ">原形態</span>絲穗金粟蘭 多年生草本，高15-40cm。根莖粗短，密生多數細長鬚根。莖直立，單生或數個叢生，下部節上對生2片鱗狀葉。葉對生，一般4片生於莖上部；葉柄長1-1.5cm；鱗狀葉三角形；托葉鑽形；葉片紙質，寬橢圓形、長橢圓形或倒卵形，長5-11cm，寬3-7cm，先端短尖，基部寬楔形，邊緣有鋸齒，齒尖有一腺體，近基部全緣。穗狀花序單一，頂生，連總花梗長4-6cm；苞片倒卵形，通常2-3齒裂；花白色；雄蕊3，葯隔基部合生，著生於子房上部外側，中央葯隔具1個2室的花藥，兩側葯隔各具1個1室的花藥，葯隔伸長成絲狀，長1-1.9cm，葯室在葯隔的基部；子房倒卵形，無花柱。核果球形，有縱條紋。花期4-5月，果期5-6月。</p>
<p class=" "><span class=" ">生境分部</span>生態環境：生山坡林下陰濕處或草叢中。</p>
<p>資源分布：分布於華東及台灣、湖北、湖南、廣東、廣西、四川。</p>
<p class=" "><span class=" ">性狀</span>1.性狀鑒別 根莖呈團塊狀，節間較密。鬚根細長彎曲，直徑0.5-1.5mm；表面灰黃色或灰棕色，具明顯縱皺紋，有支根痕；質脆易斷，皮部易與本部剝離而露出木心。莖具縱棱；表面淺棕色；節處棕黑色，具殘存托葉，節間長4-10cm。葉對生，莖頂兩對密集，常似4葉輪生；葉皺縮，展平後橢圓形或倒卵狀橢圓形，長4-10cm，寬2.5-6cm，邊緣具圓鋸齒，灰綠色；葉柄長0.5-1.5cm。有的可見單一頂生的穗狀花序（或果序）。氣香，味苦、辛。</p>
<p>2.顯微鑒別 根橫切面：表皮細胞多為類方形，外被角質層。皮層寬廣，薄壁細胞中含大量澱粉粒；有油細胞散在；內皮層細胞內壁增厚。中柱鞘細胞1列，切向延長，初生本質部4-8（-14）束，根中央薄壁細胞壁木化。葉橫切面：上、下表皮細胞各1列，外被角質層，可見非腺毛。柵欄組織和海綿組織分化不明顯；有油細胞散在。主脈維管束外韌型，向下明顯突出。</p>
<p class=" "><span class=" ">性味</span>辛；苦；平；有毒</p>
<p class=" "><span class=" ">歸經</span>肺；肝經</p>
<p class=" "><span class=" ">功能主治</span>祛風活血；解毒消腫。主風濕痹痛；跌打損傷；瘡癤癬疥；毒蛇咬傷</p>
<p class=" "><span class=" ">用法用量</span>內服：煎湯，根3-6g。外用：鮮全草適量，搗敷。</p>
<p class=" "><span class=" ">注意</span>內服不可過量，孕婦慎服。《天目山藥用植物志》：&#8221;多服能引起嘔吐，在服藥期間忌食糖及玉蜀黍。&#8221;</p>
<p class=" "><span class=" ">摘錄</span>《中華本草》</p>
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